Comments
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| -- | start of comment for remainder of line | |
| {- ... -} | comment |
Mathematical Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| + | add | class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where (+) :: a -> a -> a ... -- Defined in GHC.Num |
| - | subtract infix minus - prefix |
class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where ... (-) :: a -> a -> a ... -- Defined in GHC.Num infixl 6 - |
| * | multiply | class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where ... (*) :: a -> a -> a ... -- Defined in GHC.Num infixl 7 * |
| / | divide | class (Num a) => Fractional a where (/) :: a -> a -> a ... -- Defined in GHC.Real infixl 7 / |
| ^ | raise to power | (^) :: (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a -- Defined in GHC.Real infixr 8 ^ |
| ** | raise to power | class (Eq a, Show a) => Num a where ... (*) :: a -> a -> a ... -- Defined in GHC.Num |
| && | boolean and | (&&) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool -- Defined in GHC.Classes infixr 3 && |
| || | boolean or | (||) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool -- Defined in GHC.Classes infixr 2 || |
| not | boolean not | not :: Bool -> Bool -- Defined in GHC.Classes |
Mathematical Comparison Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| == | equal | class Eq a where (==) :: a -> a -> Bool ... -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 == |
| /= | not equal | class Eq a where ... (/=) :: a -> a -> Bool -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 /= |
| < | less than | class (Eq a) => Ord a where ... (<) :: a -> a -> Bool ... -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 < |
| <= | less than or equal | class (Eq a) => Ord a where ... (<=) :: a -> a -> Bool ... -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 <= |
| > | greater than | class (Eq a) => Ord a where ... (>) :: a -> a -> Bool ... -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 > |
| >= | greater than or equal | class (Eq a) => Ord a where ... (>=) :: a -> a -> Bool ... -- Defined in GHC.Classes infix 4 >= |
Function Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| \ | lambda | |
| . | function composition name qualifier |
(.) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c -- Defined in GHC.Base infixr 9 . |
| | | guard and case specifier seperator in list comprehension alternative in data definition (enum type) |
List Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| [ ... , ...] | list constructor | data [] a = [] | a : [a] -- Defined in GHC.Types instance (Eq a) => Eq [a] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance Monad [] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance Functor [] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance (Ord a) => Ord [a] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance (Read a) => Read [a] -- Defined in GHC.Read instance (Show a) => Show [a] -- Defined in GHC.Show |
| ++ | list concatenation | (++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] -- Defined in GHC.Base |
| : | cons - append head operator | |
| !! | indexing | (!!) :: [a] -> Int -> a -- Defined in GHC.List |
| .. | range specifier for lists | |
| \\ | list diference | |
| <- | list comprehention single assignment in do |
Monad Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| : | definition seperator | |
| -> | function type | |
| = | type or value-naming | |
| :: | has type | |
| => | context inheritance from class | |
| () | empty value in IO type | data () = () -- Defined in GHC.Unit instance Bounded () -- Defined in GHC.Enum instance Enum () -- Defined in GHC.Enum instance Eq () -- Defined in Data.Tuple instance Ord () -- Defined in Data.Tuple instance Read () -- Defined in GHC.Read instance Show () -- Defined in GHC.Show |
| >> | monad join without value | class Monad m where ... (>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b ... -- Defined in GHC.Base infixl 1 >> |
| >>= | monad join | class Monad m where (>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b ... -- Defined in GHC.Base infixl 1 >>= |
| >@> | object composition | |
| (..) | constructor for export |
Constructors
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| [ ... , ...] | list constructor | data [] a = [] | a : [a] -- Defined in GHC.Types instance (Eq a) => Eq [a] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance Monad [] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance Functor [] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance (Ord a) => Ord [a] -- Defined in GHC.Base instance (Read a) => Read [a] -- Defined in GHC.Read instance (Show a) => Show [a] -- Defined in GHC.Show |
| ( ... , ...) | tuple constructor | data () = () -- Defined in GHC.Unit instance Bounded () -- Defined in GHC.Enum instance Enum () -- Defined in GHC.Enum instance Eq () -- Defined in Data.Tuple instance Ord () -- Defined in Data.Tuple instance Read () -- Defined in GHC.Read instance Show () -- Defined in GHC.Show |
| ' ' | prefix to infix constructor | |
| ` ` | literal char constructor | |
| " " | String constructor |
Pattern Operators
| operator | description | signature |
|---|---|---|
| _ | wildcard | |
| ~ | irrefutable | |
| ! | strictness flag - force evaluation | |
| @ | read as |